Overview
The Hokkaido, also called the Ainu-ken, was bred by the Ainu people to hunt bear and deer in the snowy north of Japan. It is medium-sized and sturdy with a thick double coat, small pricked ears and the typical curled or sickle tail of the Japanese native breeds. Compared with the Shiba it is heavier and more serious, and it has a reputation for fearlessness.
They are devoted to their family and often cool with everyone else. Once they accept you they are steady, quiet companions, but earning that acceptance takes time and calm consistency rather than treats and bluster.
Exercise and walking needs
A good hour and a half a day, including something that engages the brain. Hill walks, long line sniffing sessions and scent games all go down well. In cold weather they come alive and will happily stay out longer; in heat they flag quickly.
Young dogs need their energy channelled early. A Hokkaido that is under-exercised tends to become vocal and destructive at home.
On the walk
- Prey drive: High. Deer, squirrels and cats will be chased given the chance, and the dog will not hear you once it has committed. A long line is the norm.
- Other dogs: Same-sex tension is common in the Japanese breeds, and Hokkaido can be quick to answer a challenge. Avoid close passes with pushy dogs.
- Lead: Strong and determined but usually walks well once it knows the routine. A front-clip harness helps with the occasional lunge.
- Voice: They have a distinctive howl and bark when excited or alerting. Expect it on the first few walks until the dog settles into your company.
Tips for professional walkers
- Walk the same route for the first week or two so the dog can concentrate on you rather than on new ground.
- Expect heavy undercoat shedding in spring and autumn.
- Treat an extended lead near livestock or deer as non-negotiable.
- Carry water in summer and shorten the walk on hot days without being asked.
What to ask the owner
- Which dogs does it already get on with, and are there any it has had a disagreement with on your usual routes?
- How does it react to being approached by strangers, and would you prefer I keep people from petting it?
- Is recall used anywhere at all, and if so, in what kind of enclosed space?